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REVIEW |
1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Jayawardenapura, Sri Lanka
2 Department of Medicine, University of Jayawardenapura, Sri Lanka and Department of Endocrinology, Kings Mill Hospital, Nottingham, UK
3 Department of Clinical Immunology, Queen’s Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham, UK
Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr Suranjith L Seneviratne
Department of Clinical Immunology, A Floor, West Block, Queens Medical Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; suran200{at}yahoo.co.uk
Dengue viral infections are one of the most important mosquito borne diseases in the world. They may be asymptomatic or may give rise to undifferentiated fever, dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), or dengue shock syndrome. Annually, 100 million cases of dengue fever and half a million cases of DHF occur worldwide. Ninety percent of DHF subjects are children less than 15 years of age. At present, dengue is endemic in 112 countries in the world. No vaccine is available for preventing this disease. Early recognition and prompt initiation of appropriate treatment are vital if disease related morbidity and mortality are to be limited. This review outlines aspects of the epidemiology of dengue infections, the dengue virus and its mosquito vector, clinical features and pathogenesis of dengue infections, and the management and control of these infections.
Abbreviations: DHF, dengue haemorrhagic fever; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; NS, non-structural (proteins); sNS, secreted non-structural (proteins); RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; TNF, tumour necrosis factor; WHO, World Health Organisation
Keywords: dengue virus; dengue fever
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