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Acute glomerulonephritis

Department of Renal Medicine, St. George’s Hospital Medical School, London

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Professor David Oliveira, Department of Renal Medicine, St George’s Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK;
d.oliveira{at}sghms.ac.uk

ABSTRACT
Glomerulonephritis is an important cause of renal failure thought to be caused by autoimmune damage to the kidney. While each type of glomerulonephritis begins with a unique initiating stimulus, subsequent common inflammatory and fibrotic events lead to a final pathway of progressive renal damage. In this article the different forms of inflammatory glomerulonephritis and their diagnosis are discussed. In a review of therapy both immediate life saving treatment given when glomerulonephritis causes acute renal failure and more specific treatments designed to modify the underlying mechanisms of renal injury are considered.

Keywords: glomerulonephritis; kidney; inflammation

Abbreviations: ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; HSP, Henoch-Schönlein purpura; MCGN, mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis; RPGN, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis; WHO, World Health Organisation

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